Izimfuneko ze-SDK

Onjiniyela be-app bavame ukuthembela kukhodi yenkampani yangaphandle (ngokwesibonelo, i-SDK) ukuze ihlanganise ukusebenza okubalulekile namasevisi ama-app wabo. Uma ufaka i-SDK ku-app yakho, ufuna ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi uyakwazi ukugcina abasebenzisi bakho bephephile futhi i-app yakho ivikelekile kunoma ibuphi ubungozi. Kulesi sigaba, sibonisa ukuthi ezinye zezidingo zethu ezikhona zobumfihlo nokuvikeleka zisebenza kanjani kumongo we-SDK futhi ziklanyelwe ukusiza onjiniyela ngokuphepha nangokuvikelekile bahlanganise ama-SDK kuma-app abo.

Uma ufaka i-SDK ku-app yakho, unesibopho sokuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhodi nezinqubo zabo zenkampani yangaphandle azibangeli ukuthi i-app yakho yephule Izinqubomgomo Zezinhlelo Zikanjiniyela we-Google Play. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ama-SDK ku-app yakho ayiphatha kanjani idatha yomsebenzisi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi uyazi ukuthi yiziphi izimvume abazisebenzisayo, iyiphi idatha abayiqoqayo, nokuthi kungani.  Khumbula, ukuqoqwa kwe-SDK nokuphathwa kwedatha yomsebenzisi kufanele kuhambisane nenqubomgomo ye-app yakho ethobela ukusetshenziswa kwedatha eshiwo.

Ukusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa kwakho i-SDK akwephuli izimfuneko zenqubomgomo, funda futhi uqonde izinqubomgomo ezilandelayo sezizonke futhi uqaphele ezinye zezimfuneko zazo ezikhona eziphathelene nama-SDK ngezansi:

Inqubomgomo Yedatha Yomsebenzisi

Kuzomele ubonise ngale kwendlela osingatha ngayo idatha yomsebenzisi (isb., ulwazi oluqoqwe kusukela kumsebenzisi noma olumayelana nomsebenzisi, okufaka phakathi ulwazi lwedivayisi). Lokho kusho ukuveza ulwazi lokufinyelela, ukuqoqa, ukusebenzisa, ukuphatha, nokwabelana ngedatha yomsebenzisi kusuka ku-app yakho, nokukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwedatha ngokwezinjongo zokuthobela inqubomgomo ezivezwe ulwazi.

Uma ufaka phakathi ikhodi yenkampani engahlangene ngqo (ngokwesibonelo, i-SDK) ku-app yakho, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi ikhodi yenkampani engahlangene ngqo esetshenziswe ku-app yakho, nokuthi imikhuba yenkampani engahlangene ngqo ehlobene nedatha yomsebenzisi kusuka ku-app yakho, kuthobela Izinqubomgomo Zezinhlelo Zonjiniyela be-Google Play, okufaka phakathi izimfuneko zokusebenzisa nokudalula. Ngokwesibonelo, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi abahlinzeki be-SDK yakho abathengisi idatha yomsebenzisi yomuntu siqu nezwelayo kusuka ku-app yakho. Le mfuneko isebenzisa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi idatha yomsebenzisi iyadluliselwa yini ngemva kokuthunyelwa kuseva, noma ngokushumeka ikhodi yenkampani engahlangene ngqo ku-app yakho.

Idatha Yomuntu Siqu Neyomsebenzisi Ezwelayo Khawulela ukufinyelela, ukuqoqa, ukusebenzisa, nokwabelana ngolwazi lomuntu siqu nedatha yomsebenzisi ezwelayo etholwe nge-app kuya ku-app kanye nokusebenza kwesevisi kanye nokwezinjongo zokuthobela inqubomgomo ezilindelwe ngokuphusile umsebenzisi: Ama-app anweba ukusetshenziswa kwedatha yomsebenzisi engokomuntu siqu nezwelayo anikeza izikhangiso kufanele athobele Inqubomgomo Yezikhangiso ye-Google Play. Phatha yonke idatha yomsebenzisi yomuntu siqu kanye nezwelayo ngokuvikelekile, efaka ukuyithumela ngaphandle kwe-cryptography yesimanje manje (ngokwesibonelo, ngaphezulu kwe-HTTPS). Sebenzisa isicelo sezimvume zesikhathi sokusebenza noma kunini lapho sitholakala, ngaphambi kokufinyelela kudatha efakwe kusango izimvume ze-Android Ukuthengiswa Kwedatha Yomuntu Siqu Neyomsebenzisi Ebucayi Ungathengisi idatha yomsebenzisi yomuntu siqu nezwelayo. "Ukuthengisa" kusho ukushintshana noma ukudluliselwa kwedatha yomsebenzisi yomuntu siqu nezwelayo kuya enkampanini engahlangene ngqo ngokucatshangelwa kokwenza imali. Ukudlulisela okuqaliswe ngumsebenzisi kwedatha yomsebenzisi yomuntu siqu nezwelayo (ngokwesibonelo lapho umsebenzisi esebenzisa isakhi se-app ukudlulisela ifayela enkampanini engahlangene ngqo, noma lapho umsebenzisi ekhetha ukusebenzisa i-app yocwaningo. Izimfuneko Zokudalula Okuvelele Nemvume Ezimweni lapho ukufinyelela kwe-app yakho, ukuqoqwa, ukusetshenziswa, noma ukwabelana kwedatha yomuntu siqu nezwelayo yomsebenzisi kungase kungabi ngaphakathi kokulindelwe okunengqondo komsebenzisi womkhiqizo noma isici okukhulunywa ngaso, kufanele uhlangabezane nezimfuneko zokudalulwa okuvelele nemvume yenqubomgomo Yedatha Yomsebenzisi. Uma i-app yakho ihlanganisa ikhodi yenkampani engahlangene ngqo (ngokwesibonelo, i-SDK) edizayinelwe ukuqoqa idatha yomsebenzisi yomuntu siqu nezwelayo ngokuzenzakalela, kufanele ukuthi, phakathi namaviki ama-2 wokwamukela isicelo kusuka ku-Google Play (noma, uma isicelo se-Google Play sihlinzeka ngesikhathi eside), uhlinzeke ngobufakazi obanele obubonisa ukuthi i-app yakho ihlangabezana Nokudalulwa okuvelele kanye nezidingo zemvume kwale nqubomgomo, okufaka phakathi ukufinyelela, ukuqoqwa, ukusetshenziswa, noma ukwabelana kwedatha ngekhodi yenkampani engahlangene ngqo. Khumbula ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa kwakho ikhodi yenkampani yangaphandle (ngokwesibonelo, i-SDK) akubangeli i-app yakho ukuthi yephule inqubomgomo Yedatha Yomsebenzisi. Bheka lesi sihloko Sesikhungo Sosizo ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nemfuneko Yokudalula Okuvelele kanye Nemvume. Izibonelo zokwephulwa okubangelwe yi-SDK I-app ene-SDK eqoqa idatha yomsebenzisi yomuntu siqu nezwelayo futhi engaphathi le datha ngaphansi kwale Nqubomgomo Yedatha Yomsebenzisi, ukufinyelela, ukuphathwa kwedatha (okufaka phakathi ukuthengisa okungavunyelwe) nokudalulwa okuvelele kanye nesidingo semvume. I-app ihlanganisa i-SDK eqoqa idatha yomuntu siqu nebucayi yomsebenzisi ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokwephula izimfuneko zale nqubomgomo mayelana nemvume yomsebenzisi nokudalula okuvelele.  I-app ene-SDK ethi iqoqa idatha yomuntu siqu nebucayi yomsebenzisi kuphela ukuze lunikeze umsebenzi omelene nokukhwabanisa nokuphikisana nokuhlukumeza ku-app, kodwa i-SDK iphinde yabelane ngedatha eyiqoqayo nezinkampani zangaphandle ukuze zikhangise noma zihlaziye.  I-app ihlanganisa i-SDK edlulisela ulwazi lwamaphakheji afakiwe wabasebenzisi ngaphandle kokuhlangabezana nemihlahlandlela evelele yokudalula kanye/noma imihlahlandlela yenqubomgomo yobumfihlo.  Futhi bheka inqubomgomo Yesofthiwe Engafunwa Iselula. Izimfuneko Ezengeziwe Zokufinyelela Kudatha Yomuntu Siqu Nebucayi Ithebula elingezansi lichaza izidingo zemisebenzi ethile. Umsebenzi  Imfuneko I-app yakho iqoqa noma ilinka izinkomba zedivayisi eziphikelayo (isb., I-IMEI, IMSI, SIM Serial #, njjl.) Izinkomba zedivayisi eziphikelelayo zingase zingalinkwa kwenye idatha yomuntu siqu nezwelayo noma kwizinkomba zedivayisi esetheka kabusha ngaphandle ngokwezinjongo ezilandelayo: Kulinkwe ngefoni kwisihlonzi se-SIM (isb., ukwenza ikholi nge-wifi okuxhunywe kwi-akhawunti yenkampani yenethiwekhi), kanye Nama-app wokuphathwa kwedivayisi webhizinisi kusetshenziswa imodi yomnikazi. Lokhu kusetshenziswa kufanele kudalulwe njengokubalulekile kubasebenzisi njengoba kucaciswe Kwinqubomgomo Yedatha Yomsebenzisi Sicela uxhumane nale nsiza ukuthola ezinye izinkomba eziyingqayivele. Sicela ufunde Inqubomgomo yesikhangiso ukuthola imihlahlandlela eyengeziwe ye-ID Yokukhangisa ye-Android. I-app yakho iqondiswe ezinganeni I-app yakho ingafaka ama-SDK aqinisekisile kuphela ukuze asetshenziswe kumasevisi aqondiswe enganeni. Bheka Uhlelo Lwe-SDK Lwezikhangiso Eziziqinisekisayo Zemindeni ngolimi olugcwele lwenqubomgomo nezimfuneko.    Izibonelo zokwephulwa okubangelwe yi-SDK I-app esebenzisa i-SDK elinka i-Android ID nendawo  I-app ene-SDK exhuma i-AAID kuzihlonzi zedivayisi eziqhubekayo zanoma iyiphi injongo yokukhangisa noma izinjongo zezibalo.  I-app isebenzisa i-SDK exhuma i-AAID nekheli le-imeyili ngezinjongo zokuhlaziya. Isigaba sokuphepha kwedatha Bonke onjiniyela kufanele bagcwalise isigaba Sokuphepha kwedatha ngokucacile futhi ngokunembile se-app ngayinye bebonisa ukuqoqwa, ukusetshenziswa, nokwabiwa kwedatha yomsebenzisi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa nedatha eqoqwe futhi yaphathwa nganoma yimaphi amalabhulari wezinkampani ezingahlangene ngqo noma ama-SDK asetshenziswe kuma-app wabo. Unjiniyela ubophezelekile ekuqondeni kwelebula nokugcina lolu lwazi lusesikhathini samanje. Lapho kufanelekile, isigaba kufanele sihambisane nokuvezwa kolwazi okwenziwe kwinqubomgomo yobumfihlo ye-app. Sicela ubheke lesi sihloko Sesikhungo Sosizo ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngokugcwalisa isigaba sokuphepha kwedatha. Bona inqubomgomo Yedatha Yomsebenzisi egcwele.

Izimvume nama-API Afinyelela Inqubomgomo Yolwazi Olubucayi

Izicelo zemvume nama-API afinyelela ulwazi olubucayi kufanele zibe nengqondo kubasebenzisi. Ungacela kuphela izimvume nama-API akwazi ukufinyelela ulwazi olubucayi adingekayo ukuze usebenzise izakhi noma amasevisi wamanje ku-app yakho aphromothwe ohlwini lwakho lwe-Google Play. Ungase ungakwazi ukusebenzisa izimvume noma ama-API afinyelela olwazini olubucayi anikeza umsebenzisi ukufinyelela noma idatha yedivayisi yezakhi noma izinjongo ezingavezwanga ulwazi, ezingasetshenziswanga, noma ezingavunyelwe. Idatha yomuntu siqu noma ezwelayo okufinyelelwe kuyo ngezimvume noma ama-API afinyelela ulwazi olubucayi akufanele ithengiswe noma yabiwe ngokwenjongo yokugada ukuthengisa. Bheka Izimvume ezigcwele nama-API afinyelela inqubomgomo Yolwazi Olubucayi. Izibonelo zokwephulwa okubangelwe yi-SDK I-app yakho ihlanganisa i-SDK ecela indawo ngemuva ngenjongo engavunyelwe noma engadalulwanga.  I-app yakho ihlanganisa i-SDK edlulisela i-IMEI esuselwe ku-read_phone_state imvume ye-Android ngaphandle kwemvume yomsebenzisi.

Inqubomgomo Yohlelo Olungayilungele Ikhompuyutha

Inqubomgomo yethu yohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha ilula, i-ecosystem ye-Android okufaka phakathi i-Google Play Isitolo, namadivayisi omsebenzisi kufanele kungabi nokuziphatha okunonya (isb., uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha). Ngalesi simiso esiyinhloko silwela ukuhlinzeka nge-ecosystem ye-Android ephephile kubasebenzisi bethu kanye namadivayisi wabo we-Android. Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha yinoma iyiphi ikhodi engase ifake umsebenzisi, idatha yomsebenzisi, noma idivayisi engozini. Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompyutha lufaka phakathi, kodwa alipheleli nje konambambili be-Potentially Harmful Applications (PHAs), noma ukuguqulwa kohlaka, okuqukethe izigaba ezifana nama-trojan, ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, nezinhlelo zokusebenza zenhloli, futhi siyaqhubeka nokubuyekeza nokwengeza izigaba ezintsha. Bona inqubomgomo egcwele Yohlelo Olungayilungele Ikhompuyutha. Izibonelo zokwephulwa okubangelwe yi-SDK Uhlelo lokusebenza olwephula imodeli yezimvume ze-Android, noma oluntshontsha ukuqinisekisa (njengamathokheni we-OAuth) kusuka kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukumeza izici ukuzigwema ukuthi zingakhishwa noma zimiswe. I-app ekhubaza i-SELinux. I-app yakho ihlanganisa i-SDK ephula imodeli yezimvume ze-Android ngokuthola amalungelo aphakeme ngokufinyelela idatha yedivayisi ngenjongo engadalulwanga I-app yakho ihlanganisa i-SDK enekhodi elutha abasebenzisi ukuthi babhalisele noma bathenge okuqukethwe ngenkokhiso yeselula yabo. Ama-app okunyusa amalungelo okuhlinzekelwa ngokukhethekile ezisusa okungadingeki ngaphandle kwemvume yomsebenzisi ahlonzwe ngengama-app okususa okungadingeki.

Inqubomgomo Yesofthiwe Engadingeki Yeselula

Ukuziphatha okubonisa ngale nokuveza ulwazi okucacile Yonke ikhodi kufanele ilethe izithembiso ezenziwe kumsebenzisi. Izinhlelo zokusebenza kufanele zihlinzeke ngawo wonke umsebenzi obonisiwe. Ama-app akufanele adide abasebenzisi.  Izibonelo zokwephulwa: Ukukhwabanisa kwesikhangiso Ubunjiniyela Bezenhlalakahle Vikela idatha yomsebenzisi Cacisa futhi bonisa ngale ngokufinyelela, ukusetshenziswa, ukuqoqwa, nokwabiwa kwedatha yomuntu nenozwelo yomsebezisi. Ukusetshenziswa kwedatha yomsebenzisi kufanele kuthobele zonke izinqubomgomo zedatha yomsebenzisi, lapho kusebenza, futhi kuthathe zonke izinyathelo zokuvikela idatha. Izibonelo zokwephulwa: Ukuqoqwa Kwedatha (cf Inhloli) Ukuhlukunyezwa Kwezimvume ezikhawulelwe Bona inqubomgomo ephelele Yesofthiwe Engafunwa Iselula

Inqubomgomo Yokuhlukunyezwa Kwedivayisi Nenethiwekhi

Asivumeli ama-app aphazamisana, eziphazamisa, ezilimaza, noma ezifinyelela ngokungagunyaziwe idivayisi yomsebenzisi, amanye amadivayisi noma amakhompyutha, amaseva, amanethiwekhi, ukusebenzisana okwenza izinhlelo APIs), noma amasevisi kufaka phakathi kodwa akukhawulelwe kwamanye ama-app kudivayisi, noma iyiphi isevisi ye-Google, inethiwekhi engagunyaziwe. Ikhodi yama-app noma yenkampani engahlangene ngqo (isb., Ama-SDK) anezilimi ezitolikiwe (i-JavaScript, Python, Lua, njjl.) alayishwe esikhathini sokusebenza (isb., angaphakhejiwe ne-app) akufanele avumele ukwephulwa kwezinqubomgomo ze-Google Play ezingase zibe khona. Asivumeli ikhodi eyethula noma ecekela phansi ubungozi bokuvikeleka. Hlola Uhlelo lokuthuthukisa ukuvikeleka kwe-app ukuthola ngezinkinga zokuvikeleka zakamuva ezimakelwe onjiniyela. Bheka inqubomgomo egcwele Yedivayisi Nenethiwekhi. Izibonelo zokwephulwa okubangelwe yi-SDK Ama-app enza amasevisi ommeleli kwizinkampani zangaphandle zingenza kanjalo kuphela kuma-app lapho lokho kuyinjongo eyisisekelo ebheke umsebenzisi ye-app. I-app yakho ihlanganisa i-SDK edawiniloda ikhodi esebenzisekayo, njengamafayela e-dex noma ikhodi yomdabu, kusukela kumthombo ngaphandle kwe-Google Play. I-app yakho ihlanganisa i-SDK eliqukethe i-webview ene-JavaScript Interface elayisha okuqukethwe kwewebhu okungathenjwa (isb., http:// URL) noma ama-URL angaqinisekisiwe atholakale emithonjeni engathenjwa (isb., Ama-URL atholakale ngezinjongo ezithenjwayo). I-app yakho ibandakanya i-SDK equkethe ikhodi esetshenziselwe ukubuyekeza i-APK yayo I-app yakho ihlanganisa i-SDK edalula abasebenzisi engozini yezokuvikela ngokudawuniloda amafayela ngoxhumo olungaphephile. I-app yakho isebenzisa i-SDK equkethe ikhodi ukuze ulande noma ufake ama-app avela emithonjeni engaziwa ngaphandle kwe-Google Play.

DInqubomgomo Yendlela Yokuziphatha Ekhohlisayo

Asivumeli izinhlelo zokusebenza ezizama ukukhohlisa abasebenzisi noma ukunika amandla ukuziphatha kwamanga okufaka phakathi kodwa okungapheleli nje kwizinhlelo zokusebenza ezizimisele ukungasebenzi kahle. Izinhlelo zokusebenza kufanele zinikezele ngokudalula okuqondile, incazelo nezithombe/ividiyo yomsebenzi kuzo zonke izingxenye zemethadatha. Izinhlelo zokusebenza akufanele zizame ukulingisa umsebenzi noma izexwayiso kusuka kusistimu yokusebenza noma ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Noma yiluphi ushintsho olwenziwa kumasethingi wedivayisi kufanele lwenziwe ngolwazi nangemvume yomsebenzisi futhi lukwazi ukubuyiseleka emuva ngumsebenzisi. Bona Inqubomgomo Yokuziphatha Okukhohlisayo egcwele. Ukubonisa Ngale Kwendlela Yokuziphatha Ukusebenza kwe-app yakho kufanele kucace ngokunengqondo kubasebenzisi; ungabandakanyi noma yiziphi izakhi ezifihliwe, ezingasebenzi, noma ezingaqoshiwe ngaphakathi kwe-app. Izindlela zokuvimba izibuyekezo ze-app azivunyelwe. Ama-app kungase kudingeke ukuthi anikeze imininingwane eyengeziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha komsebenzisi, ubuqotho besistimu, nokuhambisana nenqubomgomo. Isibonelo sokwephulwa okubangelwe yi-SDK I-app yakho ine-SDK esebenzisa izindlela zokugwema ukubuyekezwa kwe-app.

Yiziphi Izinqubomgomo Zonjiniyela we-Google Play ezivame ukuhlotshaniswa nokwephulwa okubangelwe yi-SDK?

Ukukusiza ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi noma iyiphi ikhodi yenkampani yangaphandle esetshenziswa yi-app yakho ithobela Izinqubomgomo Zohlelo Lukanjiniyela we-Google Play, sicela ubhekisele kuzo zonke izinqubomgomo ezilandelayo:

• Inqubomgomo Yedatha Yomsebenzisi 
• Izimvume nama-API Afinyelela Ulwazi Olubucayi 
• Inqubomgomo Yokuhlukunyezwa Kwedivayisi Nenethiwekhi 
• Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompyutha 
• Isofthiwe Engadingeki Yeselula 
• Uhlelo Lwe-SDK Lwezikhangiso Eziziqinisekisayo Zemindeni
• Inqubomgomo Yezikhangiso 
• Ukuziphatha okungafuneki
• Izinqubomgomo Zezinhlelo Zonjiniyela be-Google Play 

Yize lezi zinqubomgomo zivame ukuba yinkinga, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ikhodi ye-SDK embi ingabangela i-app yakho ukuthi yephule inqubomgomo ehlukile engabhekiselwanga kuyo ngenhla. Khumbula ukubuyekeza futhi uhlale unolwazi lwakamuva ngazo zonke izinqubomgomo sezizonke njengoba kuyisibopho sakho njengonjiniyela we-app ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ama-SDK akho aphatha idatha ye-app yakho ngendlela ethobela inqubomgomo.

Ukuze ufunde kabanzi, sicela uvakashele Isikhungo sethu Sosizo.